CD31 Mouse Monoclonal Antibody (IRS023)

UNIPROT #

P16284

PROTEIN NAME

CD31

SYNONYMS

Adhesion molecule antibody;CD31 antibody;CD31 antigen antibody;CD31 EndoCAM antibody;EndoCAM antibody;FLJ34100 antibody;FLJ58394 antibody;GPIIA antibody;GPIIA' antibody;PECA1 antibody;PECA1_HUMAN antibody;Pecam 1 antibody;PECAM 1 CD31 EndoCAM antibody;PECAM antibody;PECAM-1 antibody;Pecam1 antibody;Platelet and endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 antibody;Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule antibody;Platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 antibody

TISSUE SPECIFICITY

Expressed on platelets and leukocytes and is primarily concentrated at the borders between endothelial cells. Expressed in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) (at protein level). Expressed on neutrophils (at protein level). Isoform Long predominates in all tissues examined. Isoform Delta12 is detected only in trachea. Isoform Delta14-15 is only detected in lung. Isoform Delta14 is detected in all tissues examined with the strongest expression in heart. Isoform Delta15 is expressed in brain, testis, ovary, cell surface of platelets, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), Jurkat T-cell leukemia, human erythroleukemia (HEL) and U-937 histiocytic lymphoma cell lines (at protein level).

POST-TRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATION

Phosphorylated on Ser and Tyr residues after cellular activation by src kinases. Upon activation, phosphorylated on Ser-729 which probably initiates the dissociation of the membrane-interaction segment (residues 709-729) from the cell membrane allowing the sequential phosphorylation of Tyr-713 and Tyr-690. Constitutively phosphorylated on Ser-734 in resting platelets. Phosphorylated on tyrosine residues by FER and FES in response to FCER1 activation (By similarity). In endothelial cells Fyn mediates mechanical-force (stretch or pull) induced tyrosine phosphorylation.; Palmitoylation by ZDHHC21 is necessary for cell surface expression in endothelial cells and enrichment in membrane rafts.

SUBCELLULAR LOCATION

Cell junction. Cell membrane. Membrane.

FUNCTION

Cell adhesion molecules are a family of closely related cell surface glycoproteins involved in cell-cell interactions during growth and are thought to play an important role in embryogenesis and development. Neuronal cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) expression is observed in a variety of human tumors including neuroblastomas, rhabdomyosarcomas, Wilms’ tumors, Ewing’s sarcomas and some primitive myeloid malignancies. The intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), also referred to as CD54, is an integral membrane protein of the immunoglobulin superfamily. PECAM-1 (platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1), also referred to as CD31, is a glycoprotein expressed on the cell surfaces of monocytes, neutrophils, platelets and a subpopulation of T cells. VCAM-1 (vascular cell adhesion molecule-1) was first identified as an adhesion molecule induced on human endothelial cells by inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The KALIG gene encodes a nerve cell adhesion molecule (NCAM)-like protein and is deleted in 66% of patients with Kallmann’s syndrome, anosmia with secondary hypogonadism.